Language is not merely a tool for communication; it is the vessel of culture, history, and identity. In the Indian subcontinent, with its rich tapestry of languages, the dominance of English has overshadowed regional languages, threatening their survival. English, while undeniably a global language of opportunity, has created a paradox where native languages like Punjabi and others are sidelined in education, careers, and even daily interactions.
The situation in Punjab is particularly disheartening. The Punjabi language, once a symbol of pride, is losing its prominence. Urban households now encourage children to speak in English or Hindi, with Punjabi relegated to informal settings, if not entirely discouraged. This shift is fueled by a societal mindset that equates English proficiency with intelligence and success, while native languages are seen as markers of backwardness.
This linguistic alienation is not just a cultural loss but also an educational and psychological disadvantage. Research has consistently shown that students learn best in their mother tongue. Concepts are grasped more effectively, and creative thinking flourishes when education is imparted in the language one thinks and dreams in. Countries like Japan, France, and Germany have achieved technological and scientific milestones while preserving their native languages as mediums of education. India, too, must take inspiration and rethink its approach.
The imposition of English as a compulsory subject from the primary level has turned it into a barrier for many students, particularly in rural areas. It perpetuates a class divide where fluency in English becomes a determinant of social mobility. Language, which should be a bridge, has turned into a wall.
Moreover, the political dimension of language cannot be ignored. Post-independence, attempts to impose Hindi as a national language met with resistance, particularly from southern states. India is a union of diverse cultures and languages, and no single language can represent this plurality. The decision of a common communicative language must be based on consensus and mutual respect, not compulsion.
The way forward demands a multipronged approach. Educational institutions should prioritize regional languages as mediums of instruction, at least in foundational years, while offering English and other languages as optional subjects. Governments must incentivize the use of mother tongues in official communication, media, and entertainment. Parents and communities, too, have a role to play in instilling pride in native languages among the younger generation.
The preservation of languages is not merely about saving words but about safeguarding identities, histories, and dreams. Linguistic diversity is a treasure that must be cherished, not eroded. India, with its multilingual heritage, must lead by example, ensuring that no language fades into oblivion. It is time to reclaim and celebrate our mother tongues—not just as tools of communication but as symbols of who we are.
