Lalit Garg
The United Nations observes 1 October as the International Day of Older Persons to highlight the rights, dignity, and contribution of the elderly. This day forces us to reflect on a troubling reality: the final stage of life, once a symbol of wisdom and respect, has increasingly become associated with neglect, loneliness, and insecurity.
According to the World Health Organization, the global population of people over 60 will cross 1.4 billion by 2030 and reach nearly 2.1 billion by 2050. In many developed countries, older persons already form a quarter of the population. Their numbers are rising rapidly in developing nations too. Yet, the irony is stark—while their population grows, challenges linked to safety, health, and social inclusion are multiplying. In Europe and America, pensions and healthcare provide some support, but loneliness and depression are widespread. In Asia and Africa, once known for strong family systems, the breakdown of joint families has left elders vulnerable to economic and emotional neglect.
The International Day of Older Persons, first observed in 1991, seeks to recognize the contributions of senior citizens, ensure their rights, and address the challenges of aging. The 2025 theme, “Empowering Older Persons’ Voices for an Inclusive Future,” emphasizes listening to their experiences and wisdom to build resilient, inclusive societies.
The growing crisis
Old age brings with it health challenges such as heart disease, diabetes, arthritis, and dementia. Access to proper healthcare remains limited, especially in rural areas. Economic insecurities compound the problem, with pensions and social security schemes not reaching everyone. Socially, rapid urbanization and fast-paced lifestyles have isolated older people, leaving them to battle loneliness, sadness, and neglect.
India’s situation is especially concerning. The elderly, once considered the cultural heritage and reservoirs of wisdom, are increasingly marginalized. Life expectancy has crossed 65 years, and the elderly population is projected to touch 300 million by 2050—one in four Indians. NITI Aayog has already flagged the enormous challenges this will create.
Traditional family systems, where elders played central roles in decision-making, have weakened under the pressure of nuclear families, migration, and consumerism. Many elders are now seen as economic burdens. Property disputes, neglect, and even domestic violence add to their suffering. They are excluded from decision-making, denied proper healthcare, and struggle with loneliness and depression.
Rethinking our approach
The neglect of the elderly is not only a social failure but also a defeat of our civilization. Elders are not burdens—they are guardians of culture, tradition, and values. Respecting them is both a moral duty and a necessity for building a sensitive, balanced society.
The solution lies not only in government schemes but in a coordinated effort across families, communities, and institutions:
Revive the family system and instill values of service and respect in children.
Expand pensions, health insurance, and social security schemes.
Establish geriatric health centers in every district.
Strengthen old age homes, day-care facilities, and community centers to fight loneliness.
Ensure access to digital technologies so elders remain socially and economically engaged.
Strictly enforce the Maintenance and Welfare of Parents and Senior Citizens Act, 2007.
India’s responsibility
As Prime Minister Narendra Modi envisions a developed, self-reliant India, it is essential that elders are active participants in this journey, not passive bystanders. Guaranteed minimum pensions, wider healthcare coverage, and expanded mental health services are urgently needed. Initiatives like Digital India and Skill India must involve older citizens to keep them engaged and connected.
A nation that neglects its elders cannot claim true progress. India’s senior citizens are an invaluable national asset—the custodians of our wisdom and tradition. Their dignity and well-being must remain central to the nation’s development journey.
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Lalit Garg
Writer, Journalist, Columnist
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